Halloween I will never forget free essay sample

One spooky All HolloWs Eve I was walking quickly by the old neighborhood real haunted house as we were going through the neighborhood trick-or-treating. It really Is haunted! No one had lived there in decades. I hear all kinds of stories about the place and my mother says Im never to go there! It Is creepy and all falling apart. My so called best friend Jon dares me to walk into the house as the front door was open. What am I going to do? I laughed the dare off thinking he would forget. I dared him to go first. John and his friends call me afraid cat. I felt so bad. I got mad thinking Ill show them. What would you have done? I crept up the sidewalk to the porch. The house needed paint and there were broken windows. The door was wide open so I peeked In. We will write a custom essay sample on Halloween I will never forget or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There was old furniture and cobwebs all over the place. It was dark and smelled funny. The door creaked on Its hinges as I walked In. This place was In need of a real home makeover Like In those shows dad watches In TV. The floor boards creaked under my feet. I heard a cat and saw Its yellow eyes as It raced ahead of me. I screamed! I must have scared It, but who was scared more, me or the cat?I could barely see. There was no electricity as it had been turned off years ago. The only light was that of the full moon peeking in through the musty curtains. I turned to the left because I knew the back door was close by. I just had to go through the old kitchen. Would you have continued into the house or backed out? I felt along the old kitchen counter with my hand. I was so glad I had a baseball glove on; I was a Red Sox player again this year. The table seemed low on the floor. It had actually started falling through the old floor.This place really was dangerous! I need to get out of here FAST! I reached the door but it was stuck. I pulled and pulled but it would not move. The wet October air had caused the door to swell shut. How was I going to get out? Then I saw the old window. I pulled and pushed and finally got the old thing up and crawled through. Boy was I glad to be out of there! Next I crawled along the porch floor; the porch roof had fallen and blocked the stairs. I could see the street ahead of me and embedded it was the other side of the corner lot. I had a plan!Id sneak up behind my friend at the front side of the house and really scare them! They wouldnt dare me to do anything for a real long time! This was going to be a Halloween my friends and I would never forget! When we got home from trick-or-treating I told my little brother what I had done. He thought I was brave for going in the haunted house alone. He laughed when I told him how I scared my friends! But as usual he went right to mother to tell her. I should have known he couldnt keep a secret! When was I going to learn that lesson?So, I was grounded. Mom took away my candy and gave half of It to my brother. I really would never forget this Halloween! Halloween I will never forget By leakiness One spooky All Hollows Eve I was walking quickly by the old neighborhood real is haunted! No one had lived there in decades. I hear all kinds of stories about the place and my mother says Im never to go there! It is creepy and all falling apart. My peeked in. There was old furniture and cobwebs all over the place. It was dark and smelled funny. The door creaked on its hinges as I walked in.This place was in need of a real home makeover like in those shows dad watches in TV. The floor boards creaked under my feet. I heard a cat and saw its yellow eyes as it raced ahead of me. I screamed! I must have scared it, but who was scared more, me or the cat? I could because I knew the back door was close by. I Just had to go through the old kitchen. My friend at the front side of the house and really scare them! They wouldnt dare me to learn that lesson? So, I was grounded.

How to Cancel SAT Scores

How to Cancel SAT Scores It happens after every test administration. Kids take the SAT test, then go home fraught with worry, anxiety, stress, and depression because they realize that they didnt do as well as they could have. Perhaps they didnt do one of the seven things they were supposed to do the night before the SAT, or maybe they just didnt get the right SAT prep materials to really knock their score out of the ballpark. Their question is, Can you cancel SAT scores? And much to their relief, the answer is a quick and easy, Yes! Should You Cancel SAT Scores? Before you decide to cancel, you must first realize that youll truly have no way of knowing how well youve done on the exam until you get your SAT scores back, and that always happens a few weeks after your test. So, if you choose to cancel your scores, youll be going on gut instinct alone, which isnt always a bad thing. But there are a few things to consider before you choose to cancel your scores. Dont cancel if†¦ youre being paranoid. Most people have a little bit of doubt surrounding their testing performance. Is your doubt without warrant, based only on your paranoia? Then perhaps you should keep your scores. Remember that with Score Choice, you get to choose to report the scores youd like to the schools to which youre applying. Cancel if†¦ there are extenuating circumstances that prevented you from doing your best. Perhaps you tossed and turned for two nights prior to the exam and woke up groggy and dim the day of the test. Or, maybe you woke up with the flu, but decided to test anyway because you didnt want to pay the SAT registration fee again. Or, maybe you were seated next to someone who distracted you in some way so you lost your place, miscalculated your time, and ended up having to erase half of your scantron. Things happen! You Can Cancel SAT Scores At the Test Center If you realize immediately after youve taken the test that your SAT score is not going to get you into one of your top choices because you skipped sections or miscalculated, then you can cancel your scores even before you leave the test center. First, ask the test supervisor for a Request to Cancel Test Scores form.Next, fill out the form and sign it right then and there.Finally, give the form to the test supervisor before you get in your car and leave the test center. You Can Cancel SAT Scores at Home Maybe youre not as enlightened to your poor performance on the SAT. The desire to cancel might not really hit you until youve gone home and had a few conversations with friends about a particular reading passage in one of the Critical Reading sections (that you cant remember at all). If this is you, theres still time if you act quickly- very quickly. The College Board must receive your score cancellation request in writing no later than 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time) on the Wednesday after your test date. Thats not much time at all! If you want to cancel, heres what to do: First, immediately download and print the Request to Cancel SAT Scores form from the College Board website.Then youll need to fill it out, sign it, and either fax or overnight the request per these instructions:Fax: (610) 290-8978Overnight delivery via U.S. Postal Service Express Mail (U.S. only): SAT Score Cancellation, P.O. Box 6228, Princeton, NJ 08541-6228Other overnight mail service or courier (U.S. or international): SAT Score Cancellation, 1425 Lower Ferry Road, Ewing, NJ 08618, USA

Supreme Court Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Supreme Court - Essay Example The American government is divided into various arms which perform different functions. SUPREME COURTThe supreme court carries out various functions which include, keeping check and balances on the US executive government. The American constitution empower the supreme court to check and correct the president’s actions. The US Supreme Court is considered to be the most elitist and least democratic institution of the US government This is because it is led by learned judges who are appointed and not elected into their lifetime positions. The supreme court is considered to be the least democratic because the judges are expected to keep checks and balances on the political government, however their actions are not respected thus the debate on their democracy (R. Dye, Zeigler and Schubert).FEDERALISMFederalism is a governership method that allows two or more governing bodies in the same region. Americans uses federalism in governing the Americans using the state laws , federal laws , and local government laws. Federalism has changed greatly in the course of the American history these changes include, eliminating the confederation articles and giving the federal laws supremacy over the state laws (R. Dye, Zeigler and Schubert).CONCLUSIONConclusion the , the supreme court has played a great role in advancing the Americans rights and freedoms over the last six years . These includes legalizing same sex marriages which is in accordance with the bill of rights of the American constitution.

The presence of the current financial crises has made investors more Essay

The presence of the current financial crises has made investors more determined in handling excess remunerations - Essay Example Introduction A vote against remuneration is significant if it receives less than 75 percent of the shareholders support. Thus, votes have been on the use recently in protesting against pay increases that are insufficiently linked to performance. For instance, Section D of the U.K corporate governance code sets out remuneration guidelines for both the executive and non-executive directors. According Tricker (2012) section D.1, â€Å"the remuneration should be sufficient enough to motivate and attract directors, but a company should avoid paying more than is necessary for this purpose. A significant proportion of the executive director’s remuneration should be structured so as to link rewards to corporate and individual performance.† Section D.1.4 of the U.K corporate governance states that it is the responsibility of the remuneration committee to consider compensation commitments of their directors in the event of early termination. MM & K report is recent and its releas e fueled investor’s activism in fighting against pay rise. The report revealed that the medium total pay rise for FTSE 100 CEOs is 10 percent and one quarter of the CEOs in this index had 41 percent increment on their pay. Research indicates that the size of pay that a FTSE director has increased unexpectedly. For instance, between years 1990 and 2000, the remuneration of a FTSE chief executive went up by 13.6 percent annually from ?1 million to ?4.2 million. In year 2011, FTSE remuneration rose by 11 percent. The current average pay rise in the market is 1.7 percent. In 2012, there have been 24 similar incidents in total all over Europe compared to 2011 which had 25 cases. The legislation has been carefully following these protests, and the pending U.K legislation shows that by year 2012, pay plans will have to pass the majority vote or shareholders will have the authority to reject management’s remuneration proposal. New disclosure rules are also in the process of co ntemplated purposely to help the shareholders in making a decision. For example, in France the new socialist government is contemplating to impose pay limits on executives in companies which own a majority stake. The pay will be 20 times that of the lowest paid employee in the company thus leading to substantial pay cuts. Also, the contemplated Legislations will exert pressure on companies where the government owns share but not a controlling share. CEO’s of companies such as AstraZeneca, Aviva, trinity Mirror is some of directors who had been forced to resign over pay and performance related problems even before news broke. WPP Group During the 2012 annual general meeting, approximately 59 percent of the WPP investors voted against the company’s remuneration report and the CEOs pay package of ?6.8 million. In the previous year, over 40 percent of the shareholders had a ‘no’ vote on pay and this prompted the remuneration committee to reach out the sharehol der before the 2012 AGM. After the shareholders vote the chairman of the group said, â€Å"

Media ethicss Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Media ethicss - Essay Example For Aristotle, proper understanding of and grateful attitude towards wealth, honor, virtue, pleasure, and friendship is what is needed for human to live well. Through appropriate behavior and good upbringing, one must learn the ability to understand, choose, and decide which conduct is best for an occasion. This, of course, should be supported by logical reasoning --- a power that all human beings are capable of. Aristotle also believes that practical wisdom cannot be acquired by following general guidelines. Through practice, every individual should learn the social, emotional, and reflective skills that allow him/her to act in ways that are appropriate for each unique event (Bertrand, 22). Per Kant, it is the cause for doing a certain action, rather than the outcome of the deed, that gives it a moral value. Kant's renowned statement regarding duty is "Act according to the belief that you choose and can do so as to make it your entire principle." (Bertrand, 45) On the other hand, countering Kant's principle on ethics is utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is the thought that a behavior's role in producing advantage for all is the moral value of the deed. Advantage for all involves the summed pleasure or satisfaction for everybody. It means that the outcome establishes the value of any behavior --- the ends justify the means (Bertrand, 25). PluralPluralism Pluralism is about different values. This ethics model asserts that there are several differing values existing in a diversely peopled world. These values are called duties, and they are unspoken guidelines so every individual's behavior will not threaten other people's happiness and life (Patterson and Wilkins, 12). This ethics model acknowledges the unique roles people play in their every day lives, and the similarly differing values people believe in based on these diverse roles in the society (Bertrand, 29). Commutarianism Commutarianism, on the other hand, places social equality as its guiding principle (Patterson and Wilkins, 14). As every individual is a part of a larger society, it asserts that every one should be sensitive to the consequences of their every action. These actions, must be beneficial not only for themselves, but for the entire society. Communitarianism stresses the relationship of the individual to the society and the correlation of the different social systems --- economic, legal, etc. This ethics model is applicable in evaluating the role of the media in the society, since per Patterson and Wilkins, it enhances the accomplishments of the media as a whole and eliminates possible rivalry among them (15). Surname 3 Ethical Issues in Reporting the Truth Chapter 2: "Taste in Photojournalism" and "Too many Bodies, Too Much Blood" In this case studies, the media had a hard time reporting the truth due to differences in moral sensibilities. A photo journalist may have a hard time distinguishing what is right and moral and what is considerate and moral. Pluralism is very obvious in this case study as different individuals who play different roles may value things at different levels. What may be deemed as a responsible publishing of a photo to warn society may be considered harsh or insensitive towards the feelings of the photo's

Illegal Forest Acticvities In Malaysia Environmental Sciences Essay

Illegal Forest Acticvities In Malaysia Environmental Sciences Essay Malaysia is a tropical country which consists of three regions: Peninsular Malaysia and the two Borneo states of Sabah and Sarawak. According to Forest Statistic Information for the Year 2009 from Official Website Forestry Department Peninsular Malaysia, the forested area in Peninsular Malaysia is 5.89 million hectares from overall Peninsular Malaysia Area which is 13.18 million hectares. McMorrow Talip (2001: 217, citing Wood 1990) have pointed out that, based on its performance up till the end of the 1980s; Malaysia is one of the 14 major countries with over 250,000 hectares deforested annually. They added that by the late 1980s half of the forest area in Peninsular Malaysia and a fifth in Borneo had gone. A variety of factors contribute to this state of affairs. When deforestation and forest degradation became critical issues, shifting cultivation was singled out by the governments, and particularly by the Sarawak government, as the main cause of forest loss. Yet, it has since been established that forest degradation due to shifting cultivators is minor (Cramb 1989; Jomo et.al. 2004; Nicholas 2003). The major causes of the decline in forest area and quality include commercial logging, agricultural development, dams and resettlement. To look deeply into the matter of the role of authority from land office and forest department to prevent illegal occupation in the forest, the author will give some definitions about forest, illegal forest activities which include illegal occupation of forestlands, illegal logging, etc. The laws such as National Land Code1965 and National Forestry Act 1984 that involve illegal occupation in forest have to be defined. Forest management or sustainable forest management also has to be defined to find out overview of forest law enforcement and system monitoring in Malaysia. Since the respondents of study are authorities from land office and forestry department, hence the functions, roles or responsibilities also need to be defined. 2.2 Definition 2.2.1 Forest According to Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary, forest is a large area of land that is thickly covered with trees. While in Cambridge Advance Learners Dictionary, forest is defined as a large area of land covered with trees and plants, usually larger than a wood, or the trees and plants themselves. Forest is a problematic and hybrid category. As defined in FRA2000, it is a combination of a land-cover class and a land-use class: it relates not only to the presence of trees of over 5m and 10% canopy cover, but also to the absence of other land uses such as agriculture. It includes areas normally forming part of the forest area which are temporarily unstocked but which are expected to revert to forest (FAO Forestry Department, 1998, p. 3). Further complications stem from changes in minimum size of area included (0.5 ha in FRA2000, compared with 100 ha in FRA1990). Rubber plantations were included as plantations in FRA2000 but not in FRA1990. And while a uniform definition was employed in FRA2000, it has not become a global standard: discussion continued thereafter (FAO, 2002), and a different one has been agreed for reporting on the Kyoto Protocol (UNFCCC, 2002). Even if a single definition is agreed, as in FRA2000, problems remain and indeed may become even more insidious because they are less obvious. At the country level, data are collected according to national definitions, and have to be adjusted to the international one Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010 showed that forests cover 31 percent of total land area. The worlds total forest area is just over 4 billion hectares, which corresponds to an average of 0.6 ha per capita. The five most forest-rich countries (the Russian Federation, Brazil, Canada, the United States of America and China) account for more than half of the total forest area. Ten countries or areas have no forest at all and an additional 54 have forest on less than 10 percent of their total land area. Carol Yong (2006) revealed that the official definition of a forest used in Malaysia differs from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) definition, which excludes areas under agricultural crops (e.g. oil palm). In Malaysia, however, the areas under oil palm, rubber and tree crops are frequently regarded as forest. The question of the definition of forests is particularly significant in the Malaysian context where the Malaysian forests are rapidly disappearing and, conversely, forest plantations areas are expanding. Malaysian Timber Council (2008) draws our attention that in the year 2006, Malaysia has 32.95 million hectares of land area, of which 24.60 million hectares or 74.7 percent of total land area are classified as total area under tree cover. Of these, 18.5 million hectares are forested area and 6.25 million hectares are other tree cops. Of the total area under tree cover, 8.96 million hectares (36.42 per cent) are found in Sarawak, 11.23 million hectares (45.65 per cent) are found in Peninsular Malaysia and 4.41 million hectares (17.93 per cent) in Sabah. Sabah claims it has the least area under tree cover. S. Mather (1990) in Zalinda Binti Muhammad (2003) and Norisah Binti Kasim (2006) stated that forest is one spectrum which has natural elements like product of the forest, flora and fauna, etc. Area of all the forest that has been identified at the middle of decade 1980 is more than 4000 million hectare or 31 percent of surface of the earth. According to S.M. Mohd Idris who is the director of Sahabat Alam Malaysia (SAM) or Friends of the Earth Malaysia (1987) in Norisah Binti Kasim (2006), he stated that forests offer protective roles against environmental changes. The complex role played by forest in the heat and water balance of the earth is undeniable. At the local level, the forest cover breaks the impact of heavy rainstorms on the soil, reduces and slows down surface run off, and minimizes soil erosion as well as situation of the drainage systems. Flash floods and prolonged floods in many areas of the topical world are increasingly attributable to extensive clearance of forested areas. 2.2.2 Unlawful Occupation According to Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary, the meaning of occupation is the act of living in or using a building, room, piece of land, etc. Meanwhile the meaning of unlawful is not allowed by the law or synonym with illegal. Therefore unlawful occupation can be defined as the act of living in or using a building, room, piece of land, etc which is against the law. 2.2.3 Illegal Forest Activities Illegal forest activities is a broad term that includes illegal logging; it is used to refer to activities broader than just harvesting, which is, transport, processing and trade (Smith, 2002). Brack and Hayman (2001) also mention that illegalities may also occur during transport, including illegal processing and export, misdeclaration to customs, and avoidance of taxes and other monies. Illegal forest activities include all illegal acts related to forest ecosystems, forest industries, and timber and non-timber forest products. They include acts related to the establishment of rights to the land and corrupt activities used to acquire forest concessions. Illegal acts include unauthorized occupation of public and private forestlands, logging in protected or environmentally sensitive areas, harvesting protected species of trees, woodland arson, wildlife poaching, unlawful transport of wood and other forest products, smuggling, transfer pricing and other fraudulent accounting practices, unauthorized processing of forest products, violation of environmental regulations, and bribing government officials (Contreras-Hermosilla 2002a) There are many types of illegal forest practices like public servants may approve illegal contracts with private enterprise. Private commercial corporations may harvest trees of species that are protected by law from timber exploitation. Individuals and communities may enter public forest and illegally take products that are public property. Illegal activities do not stop at the forest. They travel down the line to operations in transportation, processing and trade of forest products. Individuals or corporations may smuggle forest products across international borders or process raw forest materials without a license. Corporations with strong international links may artificially inflate the price of imported inputs or deflate the volume and prices of their exports to reduce their tax liability and to facilitate the illegal transfer of capital abroad (FAO 2001). Contreras-Hermosilla presents examples of illegal activities in the forestry sector, grouped into six categories: illegal occupation of forestlands; illegal logging; arson; illegal timber trade and transport, and timber smuggling; transfer pricing and other illegal accounting practices; and illegal forest processing that shown in Table 1 below. Illegal occupation of forestlands à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Invasion of public forested lands by either rural families, communities or private corporations to convert them to agriculture or cattle ranching à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Practice of slash-and-burn agriculture on invaded lands à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Landless peasants illegally occupying forested areas to force governments to grant land ownership rights to them and these governments buying lands from peasants. Illegal logging à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Logging protected species à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Duplication of felling licenses à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Girdling or ring-barking, to kill trees so that they can be legally logged à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Contracting with local entrepreneurs to buy logs from protected areas à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Logging in protected areas à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Logging outside concession boundaries à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Logging in prohibited areas such as steep slopes, riverbanks and water catchments à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Removing under-/over-sized trees from public forests à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Extracting more timber than authorized à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Reporting high volume extracted in forest concessions to mask the fact that part of the volume declared is extracted from non-authorized boundaries à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Logging without authorization à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Obtaining logging concessions through bribes. Woodlands arson à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Setting woodlands on fire to convert them to commercial uses. Illegal timber transport, trade and timber smuggling à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Transporting logs without authorization à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Transporting illegally harvested timber à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Smuggling timber à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Exporting and importing tree species banned under international law, such as CITES à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Exporting and importing timber in contravention of national bans. Transfer pricing and other illegal accounting practices à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Declaring lower values and volumes exported à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Declaring purchase prices higher than the prevailing market prices as equipment or services from related companies à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Manipulating debt cash flows to transfer money to a subsidiary or parent company, such as inflating debt repayment to avoid taxes on profits à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Under-grading, under-valuing, under-measuring and misclassification of species exported or for the local market. Illegal forest processing à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Operating without a processing license à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Ignoring environmental and social and labour laws and regulations à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Using illegally obtained wood in industrial processing. Table 3: Examples of illegal practices in the forestry sector The World Bank estimates that loss of revenue caused by illegal forest activities throughout the world is worth US$5 billion annually. Illegal forest activities occur in tropical, temperate and boreal forests. Illegal forest activities abound in many countries, for example: * In Indonesia, as much as 50 million cubic meters of timber are estimated to be illegally cut-down each year. * At least one-fifth of Russias annual timber harvest is taken illegally, and illegal harvesting may account for as much as 50 percent of the total in East Asia. * In Cambodia in 1997, the volume of illegally harvested logs was ten times that of the legal harvest. * In Cameroon and Mozambique about half of the total annual timber harvest is illegal. * In Brazil, an estimated 80 percent of timber extracted each year in the Amazon is removed illegally. 2.2.4 Illegal Logging Illegal logging has no single definition. It is not a legal term derived from treaties, statutes, or court opinions. Neither is it a technical term that professionals use in a consistent way. In a general sense, illegal logging takes place when timber is harvested, transported, bought or sold in violation of national laws (Black and Hayman 2001). This broad definition includes almost any illegal act that may occur between the growing of the tree and the arrival of the forest-based product in the hands of the consumer(Rosenbaum 2003) There are usually no explicit definitions for illegal logging. In practice, the definition can be derived from the legal violations that are reported on in the national statistics concerning illegal logging. This does not necessarily mean that other types of violations would be ignored; they may simply be recorded under different headings. In broad terms, the various legal violations associated with illegal logging can be divided into eight groups: (i) theft, (ii) unauthorized harvesting, (iii) non-compliance with regulations related to timber harvesting, (iv) non-compliance with the procedure of timber sales/concession award, (v) manipulation of timber data, (vi) evasion of taxes and fees, (vii) non-compliance with regulations concerning transport or export of timber, and (vii) noncompliance with labor laws Typically, the statistics on illegal logging in the countries involved in the study refer to violations which involve physical removal of trees i.e. theft, unauthorized harvestin g and noncompliance with cutting regulations. Corruption in connection with timber harvesting is not recorded under illegal logging unless it involves physical removal of trees. All types of violations in the above list except theft could involve corruption. Based on interviews with various stakeholders in the countries involved in the study, noncompliance with labor laws is perceived to be only weakly linked to illegal logging. Sector-specific records are not maintained and forest administration is not involved in enforcement activities. The illegal logging phenomenon is neither new nor uncontested by the government. It started in the years prior to the social economic reform; it reached the peak in 1997 and continues to date. From this point of view, the illness has not infected only one sector but has extended its roots into other sectors of the economy, and the cure for this illness requires the intersectoral cooperation of public administration, not denying here the interested community and the work of the economic and environmental NGOs. 2.3 Forest Management Forest management is the branch of forestry concerned with the overall administrative, economic, legal, and social aspects and with the essentially scientific and technical aspects, especially silviculture, protection, and forest regulation. This includes management for aesthetics, fish, recreation, urban values, water, wilderness, wildlife, wood products, forest genetic resources and other forest resource values. Management can be based on conservation, economics, or a mixture of the two. Techniques include timber extraction, planting and replanting of various species, cutting roads and pathways through forests, and preventing fire. Formal forest management in Malaysia was introduced in 1901 by the British colonial administration with the creation of a forest department. The department was involved in forestry botany, silvicultural practice, policy formulation and forest preservation. Forestry policies formulated by the British in the 1920s and 1930s were consolidated as the National Forestry Policy (NFP) in 1978 to ensure orderly implementation of forest management, conservation and development across all states. This is because land and forest in Malaysia are strictly state matters. The ad hoc forest management policy practiced by each state makes monitoring and control of forest resources at the federal level difficult. The National Forestry Act (NFA) of 1984 provides for orderly harvesting, renewal and conservation of trees at the sustainable yield level. 2.3.1 Significance of Forest Management 2.3.2 Sustainable Forest Management Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) is the way of management in which growth exceeds timber harvest, now also encompasses economics, environmental and social qualities that contribute to the sustainability of forest dependent communities and ecosystems as well as the forest itself. Malaysia has a plan more environmentally-friendly and responsible business practices. This will help reduce operating costs in the long-run and is a wise investment in the future, safeguarding the natural resources depending on corporations and communities. For example, local corporations in forest industries are joining WWFs Global Forest and Trade Network. They are targeting European and US markets, where consumers are increasingly demanding wood products from sustainably managed forests (WWF-Malaysia, 2008). According to International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO, 1992), sustainable forest management is the process of managing forests to achieve one or more clearly specified objectives of management with regard to the production of a continuous flow of desired forest products and services, without undue reduction of its inherent value and future productivity, and without undue undesirable effects on the physical and social environments. FAO (1993) defines it as one which ensures that the values derived from forest meet present day needs while at the same time ensuring their continued availability and utilization to long-term development needs. Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) is impossible to achieve if a country does not have a management system. In this regard, the use of more systematic approach in managing the forests in Peninsular Malaysia began in 1901 when the first forest officer was appointed (Ismail, 1996). Since then, forest management practices in Peninsular Malaysia had been subjected to constant review and refinement so as to ensure their suitability in achieving forest renewal and sustained yield. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010 report has provides a comprehensive overview of the results of FRA 2010 grouped according to seven themes, covering key aspects of sustainable forest management: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Extent of forest resources à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Forest biological diversity à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Forest health and vitality à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Protective functions of forest resources à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Productive functions of forest resources à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Socio-economic functions of forests à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Legal, policy and institutional framework 2.4 Legal Framework The forestry policies are implemented primarily through the provisions in the forest laws enacted for the three regions: National Forestry Act 1984 for Peninsular Malaysia, Forest Ordinance 1958 for Sarawak and Forest Enactment 1968 for Sabah, and the various amendments by the States. The other related regulations that affect forestry for Peninsular Malaysia include the Land Conservation Act 1960, Environmental Quality Act 1974, National Parks Act 1980, Protection of Wildlife Act 1972, National Land Code 1965, Aboriginal Peoples Act 1954, Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 and Forest Rules 1985. For Sabah, the relevant regulations include Forest Rules 1969, Wildlife Conservation Enactment 1977, Land Ordinance 1930, Cultural Heritage (Conservation) 1997, Sabah Parks Enactment 1984, Biodiversity Enactment 2000, Conservation of Environment Enactment 1996, Water Resource Enactment 1998, and Environmental Quality Act 1974. Sarawak has the Natural Resources and Environment Ordinance 1 997, Forest Rules 1962, Wildlife Protection Ordinance and Rules 1998, The Forests (Planted Forest) Rules 1997, Sarawak Biodiversity Centre Ordinance 1997, Sarawak Biodiversity (Access, Collection Research Regulations) 1998, Land Code 1958, Natural Resource and Environmental Ordinance, Water Ordinance 1994, Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994, Land Ordinance 1952, Native Code 1992, Native Code Rules 1996, and Native Custom Declaration 1996. 2.4.1 The laws 2.4.1.1 Malaysian Constitution Forests are under the responsibility of the states as enshrined in the Malaysian Federal Constitution. Under Article 74(12) of the Federal Constitution, land and forest ownership and management is the responsibility of the State governments. Each state has control over how they use and protect their forest resources then come up with their own policies. For example, Sarawak governs under the Sarawak Forest Ordinance of 1954 while Sabah operates under the Sabah Forest Enactment of 1968. The executive authority of the Federal Government only extends to the provision of advice and technical assistance to the States includes help with forest management, training of personnel, conduct of research and demonstration or experimental stations unless the State agrees to delegate some of their authority to the Federal Government. However, the Federal Government is responsible for trade policies, import and export controls and international cooperation among others. Under the provision of Article 74 Clause (2) of the Malaysian Constitution, land and forest are defined as state matters and are thus within the jurisdiction of the respective State Governments. Clause (3) of Article 76 of the Malaysian Constitution ensures that all Acts related to land and forest shall not come into force in a State unless it has been adopted by a law made by the legislature of the State. As such each State is empowered to enact laws on forestry and to formulate forest policy independently. The executive authority of the Federal Government only extends to the provision of advice and technical assistance to the States, training and the conduct of research, and in the maintenance of experimental and demonstration stations. 2.4.1.2 National Forest Policy Upon independence from the British in 1957, the Colonial Office returned the forests to Malaysia. In 1958, with provisions under the Federal Constitution, the National Land Council (NLC) was formed for coordinating State and Federal policies and objectives covering land use, mining, forestry and agriculture to formulate from time to time in consultation with the Federal Government, the State Governments and the National Finance Council a national policy for the promotion and control of the utilisation of land throughout the Federation the development of natural resources was therefore perceived piecemeal, rather than holistically (Kathirithamby-Wells 2005: 267). The first step to protecting the forest resources in Malaysia was the formation of the National Forestry Council (NFC) in December 1971. The goal of the NFC was to create coordinated plans and effectively manage Malaysians forests. The NFC is made up of the Chief Ministers from all 13 states. Later, this body created the groundwork for the formation of the National Forestry Policy (NFP). This policy was officially adopted by the Malaysian government in 1978. This policy recognizes the importance of forests for the welfare of both individual communities and that nation itself. Malaysia has dedicated itself to sustainable timber yield practices. The National Forest Policy for Peninsular Malaysia of 1978 was revised in 1992 to incorporate several new elements, one of which is on the importance of forest law enforcement. In this revised policy statements, it was emphasized that the State Governments through their respective State Director Forestry must judicially implement the National Forest Act 1984 (Revised 1993) to ensure sustainable forest resource management and conservation. 2.4.1.3 National Forestry Act 1984 An Act to provide for the administration, management and conservation of forests and forestry development within the States of Malaysia and for connected purposes. There is the amendment to National Forestry Act 1984 in 1993 to provide for stiffer penalties for illegal logging and enlisting the Police and Armed Forces to assist the Forestry Departments in carrying out enforcement to curb illegal logging, timber theft and encroachments. The key measure taken by the Government to prevent forest crime was by amending the National Forestry Act, 1984 to incorporate new provisions to deter the occurrence of forest offenses. The Act was enacted to update and harmonize forest law in the Peninsula. Prior to the Act, the various State governments depend on the State Forest Enactments, which were formulated in 1930s, for legal guidelines on forest management and conservation. The Act also enables the effective implementation of the National Forestry Policy passed in 1978. It was amended in 1993 to further strengthen its provisions to curb illegal encroachment of forests and theft of timber. The Act has been adopted by all the states in Peninsular Malaysia. The main objectives of amending the Act are as follows: i) To increase the penalties and tighten the procedures in compounding forest offences ii) To transfer burden of proof from the prosecutor to the defense in the court iii) To delegate power in writing by State Director of Forestry under section 88, 89, 90, 92 or 93 to any member of the armed forces not below the rank of Lance Corporal as empowered to the police but shall not include the power of investigation iv) To add new sections 100A and 100B for rewards and protection of informers respectively, section 101A for power of court to order revocation and disqualification, section 110A for offenses committed by licensee or holder of permit, and New Sixth Schedule for list of machines, equipment and conveyance. v) To make general amendments in the national language text, change of name in the national language text and substitute sections 5, 69, 101 and 104 2.4.1.4 National Land Code According to section 425 unlawful occupation, etc., of state Land, reserved land or mining land National Land Code (Act 56 of 1965) and regulations, Section 425(1) stated that any person who, without lawful authority Occupies, or erects any building on, any State land, reserved land or mining land or Clears, ploughs, digs, encloses or cultivates any such land or part thereof; or Cuts or removes any timber or produce on or from such land, shall be guilty of an offence, and liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding ten thousand Ringgit, or imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year. (1A) Any person who abets the commission of an offence under sub-section (1) shall be guilty of an offence, and liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding ten thousand ringgit, or imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or to both. (2) For the purpose of this section, State Land shall include all land held by or on behalf of Federal or State Government a local authority or a statutory authority exercising power vested in it by Federal or State law. Section 426 also stated that unlawful extraction or removal of rock material also show that any person who without lawful authority, extracts removes, or, transports or permits the extraction, removal or transportation of rock material from any land shall be guilty of an offence, and liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding fifty thousand ringgit, or imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years, or to both. Section 426A show that any police officer not below the rank of Inspector, Registrar, Land Administrator, Settlement Officer or other officer duly authorized by the State Authority (hereafter in this part referred to as authorized officer may without warrant- Arrest any person found committing or attempting to commit or abetting the commission of an offence under section 425 or 426 Seize any vehicle, tractor, agricultural implement or other thing whatsoever which he has reason to believe was used or is being used in the commission of an offence under that section Demolish, destroy or remove any building, or take possession in the name of the State Authority of any crop, erected or cultivated on any land land in contravention thereof. 2.4.1.5 List of unlawful activities under each Law Violations of the protective provisions (damage of forest reserve through fire, prohibited acts in a forest reserve, illegal logging and removal from other areas, cutting of undersized trees) are punished by fine and imprisonment in the case of unauthorized entry for interference with fences or notice boards, by a fine alone [id. Section 20(1)(C) and 33(1)]. Various offences of fraud, concealment of evidence and receiving forest produce are also punished by fine and imprisonment (Section 30). In addition to fines and imprisonment, the Forest Enactment authorizes the court to order the cancellation of licences, the payment of any fees that would have been payable in the case of unlicensed acts that could have been licensed, and compensation of ten times the value of forest produce removed or damaged (Enactment No. 2 of 1968, Section 34). There is also provision for compounding of certain offences [entering closed area, practising shifting cultivation (Section 20(C)], subject to the payment of an amount based on the fine provided for the offence (Section 35). The Forest Enactment contains a number of presumptions that shift the burden of proof to the defendant charged with a forest offence. In prosecutions against licensees, if there is an extraction route from an area of alleged illegal removal to the licensed area, or if the volume of timber claimed to be covered by a licence exceeds the production of the licensed area, the elements of illegal removal or of possession of produce in respect of which an offence has been committed are presumed. In any case in which the existence of a licence, payment of any royalty, ownership of livestock or forest produce, or the provenance of forest produce is in issue, the burden of proof lies on the accused (id. Section 38) . 2.4.2 The Agencies Involved 2.4.2.1 Forestry Department Peninsular Malaysia Forestry Department Peninsular Malaysia (JPSM) is one of the departments under the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Malaysia and consists of Peninsular Malaysia Forestry Headquarters, 11 State Forestry Department and 33 District Forest Office in all of the Peninsular Malaysia. The department is headed by Director General of Forestry and assisted by two Deputy Director of Forestry. At the end of 2009, the number of employees is about 5.432 people. Forestry Department is responsible for the management, planning, protection and development of the Permanent Forest Reserve (HSK) in accordance with the National Forestry Policy (NDP) 1992 and National Forestry Act (APN) 1984. Peninsular Malaysia Forestry Headquarters responsible for the formulation of forestry policies, providing advice and technical services to State Forestry Department in the planning, management and development of forests, forest harvesting and wood-based industries, forest operations research, and training and human resource development. At the Head Office of Forestry, there ar

Violence in American Pop Culture :: Essays Papers

Violence in American Pop Culture Societies are founded upon traditions, morals, and a set of commonly accepted ethnical values. Such customs are important because they set the tone for centuries and decades that follow. In the United States, violence is widely accepted as a central component of American lifestyle and culture. From contemporary gay bashing to explosives and weaponry in video games and movies, violence figures prominently in many aspects of American entertainment and pleasure seeking. History provides ample evidence and examples that American institutionalized violence discriminates against no man, woman or child. For example, Native Americans were relentlessly and violently stripped of all their resources. Enslaved African persons were brought thousands of miles from their homelands to cultivate and enrich European interest in America. Among the hardships of simply adjusting to this New World, slaves were also sentenced to death through lynching if they refused to be subjected to new rules. Over the past two centuries we have witnessed a Civil War, two World Wars, the Oklahoma bombings, the Columbine massacre, and the tragic events of September 11th, to name only a few of the past and recent tragedies. All of the tragedies have claimed the lives of thousands of our fellow men. History repeats itself and what began as a means of instituting territory has today permeated the entire culture and has seeped into all types of media. Entertainment is supposed to entertain, but movies, video games and music most often depict a life of bloodshed and carnage. Al Pacino is praised for his roles in Scarface and The Godfather series, exploiting the life of an Italian mafia family that is well known and respected in the world of organized crime. Admiration is given to rap artists like Notorious B.I.G., who rapped about money, power and sexual impropriety. Another street legend is Tupac Shakur, whose life is a prime example of the â€Å"thug life.† After surviving several gang related shootings, he ultimately fell prey to a glamorized thug life, murdered in a drive-by shooting on the glitzy streets of Las Vegas, Nevada. In everyday scenarios young children are allowed to entertain and enlighten themselves with video games like Grand Theft Auto, where the thi ef runs through the city killing citizens, having sex with prostitutes, and robbing people at gunpoint.

Walmart Analysis

Company Information Sam Walton opened their first Walter store since July 2, 1962. â€Å"People think we got big by putting big stores In small towns. Really, we got big by replacing Inventory with information. † They opened their first store In Rogers, Arkansas. By 1967 they owned 24 stores and bringing In $12. 7 million In sales. By 1970 Walter went national. They also became a publicly trading company. In sass's the first Cam's Club opened and the first Walter Superstructure opened as well. It combines a supermarket and general merchandise all in one place.In sass's, Walter was named America's Top Retailer. They also opened their first Cam's Club in Mexico City in 1991. Sam Walton passed away in 1992 at age 74. By that time, Walter employed 371,000 associates In 1,928 stores and clubs. In 1993, they hit their first $1 million mark in sales. Between 1994 and 1998, Walter opened stores in China, United Kingdom, and bought Wolcott 122 stores in Canada. (www. Walter. Com) By 20 14, Walter employs 2. 2 associates at more than 1 1 ,OHO stores worldwide. At this time it serves over 200 million customers.Walter's earnings per share Increased 10. 6 % to $5. 02. They had an Dalton of $22 billion In net sales, and they are now a $466 billion company. They SOOT Strengths Wide range of products International operations Cost leadership strategy Weaknesses Labor related lawsuits High employee turnover Negative publicity Opportunities Trends towards healthy eating Retail market growth Online shopping growth Threats Resistance from communities Rising prices Gap Analysis Walter has had to face several labor related lawsuits every year. They cost the company millions of dollars.The company is criticized for poor work conditions, low ages, unpaid overtime work and female discrimination. It also suffers from high employee turnover. It Increases the company's cost because they have to do a lot of training of new employees. I think the reason for the high turnover is because they have low skilled and poorly paid Jobs. These two gaps are best filled by training needs. I think management needs a better training assessment for their employees. Walter does have a lot of stores order to keep employees, I think they need a better training program.

Ems Case Study Essays

Ems Case Study Essays Ems Case Study Essay Ems Case Study Essay A CT was ordered and revealed lesions on the left brain about 2-3 cams long. Patient was scheduled to leave for Texas tomorrow for further evaluation. Patients wife describes this recent event as mild ticks to the left arm with short Intermittent breaks In seizure activity. Patients vital signs were 136/78 with a pulse of 112. Breath sounds are clear and heart sounds are normal. DNS reveal diminished grip in left arm. Wife states this is normal since his previous seizure on July 1st. Patients skin pink, warm and mildly diaphragmatic. Patients LOC is diminished. Patient can respond briefly to verbal commands. Patient is experiencing mild focal motor seizure activity to the left arm and head/neck. Patients lab data Is normal with the exception of his Together level. Patients Together is currently 4. 2 vs.. A normal range of 8- 12. Patients liver enzymes were currently normal which Is Improved from his July 1st levels that were low. Patient is currently taking: Disappear, OMG DID for the treatment of seizures. Fomentation MGM BID for a peptic ulcer. Together MGM BID for treatment of seizures. Viding, 2-3 q-err PR for pain relief. PA ordered establishment of IV with a saline lock, 02 at 4 Imp by NC and 3-lead monitoring. Divan 0. Ml given IPP to relieve seizure. MESS PLAN OF ACTION Protect the patient from harm and do nothing If seizure last less than two minutes. If seizure Is prolonged (>2 minutes) protect patients airway and provide suction as needed. Establish large bore IV with normal saline at TOOK and provide 02 as Indicated. Consider and obtain order for Vellum 5-MGM VISP or Versed OMG IM If IV access is not available. May also give Versed 2. OMG IV if needed. Establish baseline vials Ana moonlit caracal urn Hoyt. I rainspout AS

Question 2 Essay Example

Question 2 Essay Example Question 2 Essay Question 2 Essay Between 1803 and 1853, the area of the United States more than tripled. As the nation expanded westward, the different parts of the country grew apart. The people of the North, the South and the West all developed different ways of life because of the different climates, kinds of land and natural resources in the three sections. Each section had its own problems and people wanted the national government to pass only such laws as would help their section. This attitude is known as sectionalism and it would cause great harm to the unity of the country.In the past, people of the different areas had worked together because they all wanted the same things. Thus, the generations of Americans from the 1770s to the 1840s achieved great successes in territorial expansion. However, from 1820 to 1860, national unity lessened as sectional interests came first and people argued among themselves about tariffs, money, the building of roads and railroads and were divided over slavery (Kurth, 1996).T he social, economic and political conditions between the sections had diverged by 1850. In the North, factories were being built and were producing a wide variety of articles. There was a movement of the immigrant population to the West where fertile farms were made out of the wilderness and acres of wheat and crop were grown. In the South, cotton was king. The cotton economy of the South was based on the labor of the Negro slaves. As the cotton was milled, it was usually sent by ship to the textile factories in the North or to Europe. As the nation expanded in population and size, better transportation facilities were needed. The most important were the railroad, the steamboat and to a lesser extent, the canals. Most of them went from east to west, allowing the agricultural products of the West to be sent east and the manufactured products of the East to be went west. To a certain extent, this shut off the South from the rest of the country (Morris, 1965).As more and more settlers moved west, more and more portions of land were organized as territories. The Southerners wanted to have slavery in at least some of the new territories because new farmland was need and since the plantation system was based on slavery, they sought this new land where slavery was permitted. Also, the Southerners wanted to keep the balance of power in the Senate.In 1819 when Missouri, a territory allowing slavery applied for admission as a state, the balance between slave and free states was threatened. If Missouri was accepted, there will then be eleven free states and twelve slave states. The North proposed that for Missouri to be accepted, the following conditions should apply that no additional slaves are to enter Missouri and the children of the slaves who are already there are to be freed at the age of 25. The Southerners resent the intrusion and this was not passed in the Senate. Instead, the Missouri Compromise of 1820 was passed with the admission of Maine as a free state, M issouri as a slave state and slavery is barred from the Louisiana territory north of latitude 36o 30’ (â€Å"An Outline of American History†, 1994).When California and New Mexico were seized soon after war with Mexico was declared in mid-19th century, the problem of slavery once again became an issue. In January 1850, Henry Clay proposed a compromise to solve the problem of slavery in the territories on five points:1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   that California be admitted as a free state as it had requested;2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   that territorial governments be set up in New Mexico and Utah;3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   that a new and stricter fugitive slave law be passed to provide for returning runaway slaves to their owners;4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   that the slave trade in District of Columbia be entirely stopped;5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   that the boundary between Texas and New Mexico be settled and that the U.S. government will pay any debts that Texas had.After much debate and inevitable dissatisfaction by the extremists in the North and South, it passed as law and became known as the Compromise of 1850 (Smith, 1906).A decade later, a compromise can no longer be reached and due to sectional differences, slavery issue and issues against territorial management of the country’s expansion, several Southern states seceded from the Union setting the stage for the Civil War.Referencesâ€Å"Extension of Slavery, Chapter 5.† (1994). An outline of American history. Retrieved October 5, 2007, from http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/H/1994/ch8_p1.htm.

Research Methods Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Research Methods - Coursework Example Since the alternative is of non-equality, the rejection zones will be in both ends of the distribution. Therefore the test will be two tailed. The p-value is 0.01070 using a significance level of 0.05 The alternative hypothesis is that the true coefficient is positive. So the rejection zone is on the right tail of the distribution and thus the test is right tailed. The computed t-value is 2.598522> 1.682 = the critical one sided 5% t value. Therefore, we reject the null hypothesis at 5% level of significance. Therefore, the test provides evidence of the fact that secondary enrollment has a significant positive impact on the growth of GDP. H0:?7=0 H1:?7>0 using a significance level of 0.1 Similar to the test conducted above, the alternative hypothesis is that the coefficient is positive. Therefore, the test will be right tailed once more. The computed t-value =1.50471< 2.418 = the critical 1% t-value. So, we fail to reject the null hypothesis at the 1% level. This implies there is no evidence of private credit ratio having any observable impact on the dependent variable, growth of GDP. Evidently a contradiction arises between the conclusions obtained in (i) and (ii). In (i), the test fails to reject the null hypothesis that all the coefficients are jointly zero. But in (ii), the null hypothesis that the coefficient on the 1990 percapita GDP is zero is rejected. So, (ii) accepts the hypothesis (null in (ii), alternative in (i)) that is rejected by (i). To reconcile between these contradictions, it should be noted that tests of joint significance may fail to reject the null of joint insignificance if majority of the explanatory variables included are found to be insignificant. Usually, such cases arise if the basic assumptions of OLS are violated. Certainly if the presence of outliers skews the distribution of errors, such contradictions should be anticipated. 3. Primary recommendation for the finance minister on the basis of results From the results of the OLS mo del in part 1, we find that the coefficient on secondary enrolment as well as private credit ratio is positive. The coefficient for secondary enrolment is 0.254 and that for private credit ratio is 0.212. Thus, these are quite close to one another although that for private credit ratio is slightly lower. But critically, it should be noted that only the coefficient of secondary enrolment is statistically significant. So, only secondary enrolment among our variables of interest seems to have any effect on growth of GDP. There is no evidence that private credit has any impact on growth GDP. Thus my recommendation will be to invest the entire sum of $2 Billion on the policy measures that will increase the country’s rate of enrolment in secondary education. 4. Diagnostics This section will evaluate the validity of the standard assumptions of

Developing an international marketing plan for an organisation Assignment

Developing an international marketing plan for an organisation - Assignment Example In order to create new customer segments for the newly launched products, the marketers tend to practice extensive marketing strategies and activities. Concerning the industry structure, it can be stated that the medical equipment and pharmaceutical sector is dominated by few major marketers including J&J that has been long serving the customers. Threats of substitutes as well as new entrants are also observed to be low in this industry owing to high degree of regulatory interventions, capital intensiveness and greater dependency on customer as well as stakeholders’ trust (Giudice, & Bolduc, 2006). The Company J&J can be regarded as one of the renowned brands in the global medical equipment and pharmaceutical industry. The company was founded in the year 1886 and is well known for its enduring performances of delivering quality based medical devices and diagnostic products to the global consumers (Johnson & Johnson, 2013). The organization also seeks to embrace adequate research and development initiatives through the integration of innovative ideas which ensures the empowerment of health as well as wellbeing of its wide range of global consumers. The products offered by J&J principally involve maternity kits, childcare products, fast-aid equipments and surgical apparatuses among others (Johnson & Johnson, 2012). Therefore, diversifying by extending its product line through serving a nutrition drink for mothers can contribute towards the brand recognition of the company along with increasing its market share in the Australian medical equipment and pharmaceutical industry. ... The company was founded in the year 1886 and is well known for its enduring performances of delivering quality based medical devices and diagnostic products to the global consumers (Johnson & Johnson, 2013). The organization also seeks to embrace adequate research and development initiatives through the integration of innovative ideas which ensures the empowerment of health as well as wellbeing of its wide range of global consumers. The products offered by J&J principally involve maternity kits, childcare products, fast-aid equipments and surgical apparatuses among others (Johnson & Johnson, 2012). Therefore, diversifying by extending its product line through serving a nutrition drink for mothers can contribute towards the brand recognition of the company along with increasing its market share in the Australian medical equipment and pharmaceutical industry. 2. Situation Analysis 2.1. Business Environment The present business environment in the medical equipment and pharmaceutical ind ustry depicts fierce competition among the handful of dominant marketers in Australia, concerning their wide range of products and/or services as well as market share. In order to successfully launch the health supplementary drinks for mothers in the Australian market, understanding the political and legal factors of the respective market is one of the major decisions as these factors are apparently observed to impose strong influences on the operations of marketers such as J&J (University of Wollongong, n.d.). The following discussion tends to reveal the political and legal conditions of Australia in terms of launching a nutritional drink as a new product by J&J. Political Factors The